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Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

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Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82
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  作者:潘妍

  出品:全球财说

  2020年末,深陷“背信”漩涡的舍得酒业(600702.SH)迎来“白衣骑士”复星系的解救。

  彼时复星掌门人郭广昌高调站台,喊出“复兴舍得”口号,舍得酒业股价半年内涨超180%,尽显黑马姿态。

  然而,2024年的舍得酒业却沦为“差生代表”,出现9年来的首次营利双降,营收同比下降24.41%至53.57亿元,归母净利润同比下降80.46%至3.46亿元。

  对于远低预期的业绩表现,舍得酒业在年报中则强调目前白酒行业整体仍处于调整期。

  但国家统计局数据显示,2024年中国规模以上白酒企业销售收入同比增加5.30%,产量虽同比减少1.8%,相较2023年5.1%降幅已有明显收窄。

  对比来看,同属于复星系的金徽酒(603919.SH)展现出什么叫同根不同命,2024年营收、净利润分别增长18.59%、18.03%,再创历史新高。

  无独有偶,同为川酒“六朵金花”的水井坊(600779.SH)在2024年也增至舍得酒业同等体量,且盈利能力远优于舍得。水井坊2024年业绩预告显示,营收同比增长约5%至52.17亿元,归母净利润同比增长约6%至13.4亿元。

  可见,本作为浓香白酒代表的舍得酒业,应有能力应对白酒下行周期,但持续下挫的业绩表现,暴露出自身发展的诸多问题。

  01

  出走归来仍难逃区域限制

  作为川酒“六朵金花”之一,舍得酒业也曾有过一段辉煌历史。

  舍得酒业的前身,是著名的四川沱牌酒厂,生产的“沱牌曲酒”,曾是中国17大名酒之一。

  虽有名酒基因,但舍得酒业前期发展却差强人意,始终难以完成从区域型到全国型酒企的升级。此后步入高速发展期,离不开天洋控股与复星集团两个大股东的提携。

  结合往期年报,在2015年至2020年天洋控股时期,舍得酒业营业收入由11.56亿元增至27.04亿元,年复合增长率达18.52%,同期归母净利润由712.81万元增至5.81亿元,年复合增长率为142.00%。

  这段时期舍得酒业净利增速远高于营收,除期间白酒消费升级等红利外,主要受益于舍得酒业旗下“智慧舍得”、“品味舍得”等次高端产品的有效推广。

  2015年至2020年,舍得酒业中高档酒营收占比由62.60%增至78.76%,期间公司酒类产品毛利率由51.07%增至82.00%。

  可以说,舍得酒业在天洋控股时期打出了次高端化品牌的名号。

  2020年9月,舍得酒业因原控股股东天洋集团存违规资金占用问题被ST。同年12月,刚拿下金徽酒的复星集团向舍得酒业抛出橄榄枝,以45.3亿元获得舍得70%股权成为实际控制人。

  进入复星时期的舍得酒业,虽仍延续发展老酒战略路线,但随着白酒行业红利渐退,高端化稍显后劲不足,业绩增长多是依赖于跑马圈地式的全国化布局。

  2021年至2023年,舍得酒业营业收入由49.69亿元增至60.56亿元,年复合增长率10.40%,同期归母净利润由12.46亿元增至17.71亿元,年复合增长率19.22%。

  相较于天洋控股时期,复星时期的舍得酒业业绩增速明显放缓,且营收、净利之间的增速差额明显收缩。此外,2020年至2023年,舍得酒业酒类产品毛利率由82.10%降至78.55%,高端化似乎进入发展停滞期。

  相对应,全国化成为复星时期提振舍得酒业的关键抓手。2021年至2023年,舍得酒业省外经销商数量由1785家增至2260家,净增加475家,同期省内经销商则由467家降至395家。

  不过,2024年舍得酒业的省外市场突遭滑铁卢,省外经销商数量净减少71家,导致公司省外市场酒类产品营收同比减少30.03%至32.77亿元,超同期公司总营收27.08%降幅,成为拖累当期业绩的主要原因。

  戏谑的是,2024年舍得酒业省内经销商数量净增79家,全球化发展阶段性倒退,难逃区域酒企发展限制。

  线下失利,舍得酒业开始布局电商赛道,但问题在于规模太小,占总营收比重仅8.32%,对业绩整体提升帮助并不大。

  02

  “控量挺价”策略失败:量价两失

  全国化受阻的背后,是舍得酒业动销不畅的现状,以及通过向经销商压货拉动业绩的老路早已难以走通。

  这一点,从舍得酒业持续下滑的合同负债也能看出一二。2024年,舍得酒业合同负债同比下降40.4%至1.64亿元,这一数额在2021年曾达到6.58亿元。

  从持续攀升的存货数据,也能看出舍得酒业早已向下压不动货。2021年至2024年,舍得酒业分别为27.94亿、35.83亿、44.24亿、52.19亿元,期间存货周转天数由873.15天增至956.51天。

  诚然,舍得酒业主张“老酒”战略,因此基酒导致存货增加具有一定合理性。但以代表可销售成品酒的库存商品来看,2021年至2024年,库存商品账面价值由4.15亿元增至6.10亿元。在2024年年报中,舍得酒业计提了31.4万元的库存商品。

  有舍得经销商透露,产品卖不动,库存积压严重,经销商只得竞相降价出货,价格倒挂乱向横生。

  为维护市场秩序、稳住经销商的信心,2024年舍得酒业曾主动实施“控量挺价”策略,通过减少产品供应量和经销商数量来稳住价格。

  但从实际结果看,“控量挺价”策略并未展现其效,反倒让公司陷入营利双降的两难境遇。

  2024年,舍得酒业的中高档酒销量同比下滑12.09%至16790.96千升,普通酒销量同比下滑41.69%至14243.71千升。

  反映到业绩上,2024年舍得酒业中高档、普通酒营收额分别同比减少27.6%、23.4%,产品毛利率分别同比减少7.1个百分点、9.24个百分点,这也成为2024年舍得酒业业绩爆雷的主要原因。

  更严峻的是,“控量”让舍得酒业经营性现金流量净额呈现罕见负数,为-7.08亿元,是近10年来首次经营性现金流量净额为负数的情况。

  03

  贷款扩产合理性成疑

  随着存货持续攀升,终端产品动销不畅,舍得酒业只能不断降低产能,2024年舍得酒业产能利用率同比减少18个百分点至46.1%。

  另一面,舍得酒业仍在为老酒战略持续扩产,甚至在2024年出现贷款扩产的情况。

  2022年,舍得酒业曾抛出一份增产扩能方案,计划总投资70.54亿元用于扩张产能、建设办公区、酒业文旅区等项目,工期5年。项目建成后,舍得将新增年产原酒约6万吨,新增原酒储能约34.25万吨,年新增制曲产能约5万吨。

  截至2024年末,舍得酒业已对该项目累积投资金额16.57亿元,进度不足25%。此外,舍得酒业还有一个在建项目,即酿酒配套工程技改项目当前建设进度为50%,未来还需投入资金约11.16亿元。

  也就是说,舍得酒业还需准备超60亿元的资金用于未来在建项目的投入。

  不止如此,近期舍得酒业又跨界做起了文旅。2025年3月,舍得酒业公告称,将出资5.88亿元参与控股股东及一家非关联方打造的舍得酒旅融合项目。该项目内部收益率约8.5%,回报期11.47年,对于未来收益,尚具有很大不确定性。

  如此多的资金投入,又遭遇2024年经营性现金流转负,这对于舍得酒业的资金压力,将是必定是不小的考验。

  2024年,舍得酒业货币资金同比减少36.28%至15.43亿元,而短期借款由2023年0元增至7.11亿元,长期借款同比增长994.82%至4.31亿元。

  对于长期借款的暴增,舍得酒业解释由于增产扩能项目建设导致。除此之外,因建设项目的应付设备及工程款增加,2024年舍得酒业应付账款同比增长80.48%至11.82亿元。

  有分析认为,舍得酒业陷入如今困局,或源于频繁的高层变动,使得公司战略缺乏连续性和稳定性,进而影响执行力。

  据了解,自2020年复星系入主以来,舍得酒业高管团队堪比“走马灯”,经历人事变动十余次,涉及人员超20名。其中,仅董事长一职就经历了两年三易主的频繁变动。

  复星的思路简繁粗暴,业绩不好就换人,就在发布2024年双降年报当日,舍得酒业又上任了新的首席财务官,与前任一样依旧来自复星系。

  这背后也透出,复星系一直久寻人才而不得的烦恼。

  内忧外患之下,舍得酒业股价较最高点已跌超75%。截至4月15日收盘,舍得酒业报收59.34元/股,总市值为198亿元,较历史峰值蒸发超600亿元。

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