Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82

Deprecated: strpos(): Non-string needles will be interpreted as strings in the future. Use an explicit chr() call to preserve the current behavior in /www/wwwroot/4-16.com/label.php on line 82
娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢
随机图片

娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢

更新时间: 浏览次数: 438

400电话:123456(点击咨询)
娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各观看免费《今日汇总》
娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各热线观看免费2025已更新(2025已更新)








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢观看免费电话:(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢观看免费热线(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)




娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各区点热线观看免费《今日发布》
Random Image 娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢电话








7天观看免费人工电话为您、娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢团队在调度中心的统筹调配下,线下专业及各地区人员团队等专属,整个报修流程规范有序,后期同步跟踪查询公开透明。








所有团队均经过专业培训、持证上岗,所用产品配件均为原厂直供,








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各观看免费《今日汇总》2025已更新(今日/推荐)








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢电话区域:








廊坊市(文安县、广阳区、香河县、永清县、固安县、三河市、大厂回族自治县、大城县、安次区、霸州市)








蚌埠市(禹会区、怀远县、五河县、淮上区、蚌山区、龙子湖区、固镇县)








盘锦市(盘山县、双台子区、大洼区、兴隆台区)








钦州市(浦北县、灵山县、钦北区、钦南区)  达州市(万源市、开江县、达川区、通川区、大竹县、宣汉县、渠县)








阿拉善盟(阿拉善左旗、阿拉善右旗、额济纳旗)








铜陵市(枞阳县、义安区、郊区、铜官区)








枣庄市(薛城区、滕州市、台儿庄区、山亭区、市中区、峄城区)








阿克苏地区(新和县、阿克苏市、乌什县、阿瓦提县、柯坪县、温宿县、拜城县、库车市、沙雅县)  西双版纳傣族自治州(勐海县、勐腊县、景洪市)








洛阳市(嵩县、宜阳县、孟津区、瀍河回族区、偃师区、洛宁县、汝阳县、伊川县、西工区、栾川县、涧西区、老城区、新安县、洛龙区)








黄冈市(罗田县、黄州区、英山县、麻城市、黄梅县、武穴市、团风县、蕲春县、红安县、浠水县)








吉林市(舒兰市、桦甸市、磐石市、丰满区、永吉县、船营区、昌邑区、龙潭区、蛟河市)








北京市(延庆区、海淀区、门头沟区、密云区、房山区、平谷区、西城区、顺义区、通州区、丰台区、东城区、朝阳区、大兴区、怀柔区、昌平区、石景山区)








怒江傈僳族自治州(福贡县、泸水市、兰坪白族普米族自治县、贡山独龙族怒族自治县)








淄博市(沂源县、博山区、淄川区、桓台县、周村区、临淄区、张店区、高青县)








淮北市(烈山区、濉溪县、相山区、杜集区)








松原市(扶余市、宁江区、前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县、长岭县、乾安县)








内蒙古自治区








绵阳市(涪城区、梓潼县、盐亭县、江油市、三台县、安州区、北川羌族自治县、平武县、游仙区)








韶关市(武江区、乐昌市、新丰县、始兴县、曲江区、乳源瑶族自治县、浈江区、南雄市、翁源县、仁化县)








普洱市(墨江哈尼族自治县、景谷傣族彝族自治县、西盟佤族自治县、澜沧拉祜族自治县、镇沅彝族哈尼族拉祜族自治县、思茅区、江城哈尼族彝族自治县、宁洱哈尼族彝族自治县、孟连傣族拉祜族佤族自治县、景东彝族自治县)








海东市(化隆回族自治县、互助土族自治县、循化撒拉族自治县、乐都区、平安区、民和回族土族自治县)








桂林市(阳朔县、叠彩区、秀峰区、七星区、全州县、雁山区、灌阳县、永福县、兴安县、平乐县、临桂区、灵川县、龙胜各族自治县、恭城瑶族自治县、资源县、象山区、荔浦市)








茂名市(信宜市、茂南区、高州市、化州市、电白区)








黔东南苗族侗族自治州(台江县、黎平县、剑河县、凯里市、三穗县、施秉县、镇远县、锦屏县、麻江县、从江县、雷山县、黄平县、天柱县、岑巩县、榕江县、丹寨县)








黑河市(孙吴县、爱辉区、五大连池市、北安市、逊克县、嫩江市)








中山市








吉安市(吉水县、永新县、峡江县、万安县、井冈山市、吉安县、吉州区、遂川县、新干县、永丰县、泰和县、安福县、青原区)
400电话:123456(点击咨询)
娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各观看免费《今日汇总》《今日发布》
娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各观看免费《今日汇总》(2025已更新)








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢观看免费电话:(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢观看免费热线(1)123456(点击咨询)(2)123456(点击咨询)




娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢各观看免费《今日汇总》【2025已更新列表】
娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢电话








7天观看免费人工电话为您、娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢团队在调度中心的统筹调配下,线下专业及各地区人员团队等专属,整个报修流程规范有序,后期同步跟踪查询公开透明。








所有团队均经过专业培训、持证上岗,所用产品配件均为原厂直供,








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢中心2025已更新(今日/推荐)








娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢电话区域:








南昌市(红谷滩区、南昌县、新建区、西湖区、青山湖区、青云谱区、进贤县、安义县、东湖区)








广元市(昭化区、利州区、朝天区、剑阁县、青川县、旺苍县、苍溪县)








辽源市(东丰县、西安区、东辽县、龙山区)








克拉玛依市(乌尔禾区、白碱滩区、克拉玛依区、独山子区)  河源市(源城区、紫金县、连平县、龙川县、和平县、东源县)








吐鲁番市(高昌区、托克逊县、鄯善县)








海北藏族自治州(刚察县、门源回族自治县、祁连县、海晏县)








包头市(青山区、土默特右旗、九原区、白云鄂博矿区、达尔罕茂明安联合旗、昆都仑区、东河区、石拐区、固阳县)汕尾市(海丰县、陆河县、陆丰市、城区)








通化市(通化县、二道江区、集安市、柳河县、辉南县、东昌区、梅河口市)  南宁市(西乡塘区、江南区、邕宁区、横州市、兴宁区、上林县、马山县、宾阳县、武鸣区、青秀区、良庆区、隆安县)








成都市(龙泉驿区、双流区、金堂县、新津区、彭州市、蒲江县、大邑县、温江区、青白江区、崇州市、成华区、郫都区、简阳市、锦江区、金牛区、邛崃市、青羊区、都江堰市、武侯区、新都区)








无锡市(江阴市、惠山区、新吴区、滨湖区、梁溪区、锡山区、宜兴市)








曲靖市(沾益区、麒麟区、师宗县、马龙区、宣威市、罗平县、陆良县、会泽县、富源县)厦门市(湖里区、思明区、翔安区、集美区、同安区、海沧区)








黄南藏族自治州(同仁市、河南蒙古族自治县、尖扎县、泽库县)








贵港市(平南县、港南区、港北区、桂平市、覃塘区)








咸阳市(杨陵区、三原县、长武县、秦都区、永寿县、彬州市、泾阳县、武功县、礼泉县、兴平市、淳化县、渭城区、旬邑县、乾县)








鹤岗市(兴山区、南山区、萝北县、绥滨县、工农区、兴安区、向阳区、东山区)








乌海市(海南区、海勃湾区、乌达区)








台州市(路桥区、黄岩区、温岭市、临海市、三门县、玉环市、仙居县、椒江区、天台县)








鹤壁市(鹤山区、淇县、山城区、淇滨区、浚县)








衢州市(常山县、柯城区、龙游县、开化县、衢江区、江山市)








汕头市(潮南区、澄海区、金平区、龙湖区、南澳县、濠江区、潮阳区)








宜宾市(长宁县、筠连县、兴文县、江安县、高县、珙县、叙州区、翠屏区、屏山县、南溪区)








玉林市(兴业县、陆川县、容县、福绵区、北流市、玉州区、博白县)








青岛市(城阳区、市北区、即墨区、黄岛区、市南区、平度市、莱西市、李沧区、胶州市、崂山区)








五指山市(澄迈县、万宁市、白沙黎族自治县、东方市、陵水黎族自治县、乐东黎族自治县、琼中黎族苗族自治县、临高县、保亭黎族苗族自治县、屯昌县、琼海市、昌江黎族自治县、文昌市、定安县)








大同市(灵丘县、阳高县、浑源县、左云县、新荣区、云冈区、平城区、天镇县、云州区、广灵县)








芜湖市(鸠江区、湾沚区、无为市、弋江区、镜湖区、南陵县、繁昌区)








延边朝鲜族自治州(和龙市、龙井市、延吉市、图们市、安图县、汪清县、敦化市、珲春市)

  近来,美国政府在贸易和关税政策上的肆意妄为,不仅引起了全世界的广泛反对,也令美国国内正在面临通胀问题的普通民众苦不堪言。

  鉴于特朗普在去年美国总统选举时就预言过他的这一“美国利益优先”和逆全球化的政策方向,一些美国的经济学家也在反思为什么当时美国会有不少人认为这一政策方向是“正确”的,进而将特朗普送入了白宫。

  其中,美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校的经济学教授凯尔·汉德利(KyleHandley)就在一篇文章中认为,美国一些人热衷于逆全球化,认为全球化损害了美国经济,甚至把所谓“危害”“甩锅”给中国,根子在于美国自己对全球化的认识出现了偏差。

  在这篇发表在美国智库卡托研究所网站的文章中,汉德利表示驱使他撰写这篇文章的原因,是美国一些反对全球化的人一直在散播一种错误的观点,即认为经济学家对于全球化过于乐观,忽视了全球化以及随之而来的开放贸易和市场全球化给美国造成的失业、工业衰退以及经济困境。

  甚至于有声音还认为,认可全球化的主流经济学家都“不靠谱”,美国政府就应该与这些经济学家对着干,才能为美国找到“正确”的出路。

  在汉德利看来,这些反全球化的声音显然是错误的,是在以偏概全和选择性拼凑事实。但他同时认为,这些错误声音的出现,也与主流舆论没有阐述清楚全球化这一对世界经济影响深远的事务的复杂性、对全球化的呈现过于简单化和碎片化,存在关联。

  比如,他表示在上世纪80年代到90年代之间,经济学界普遍认为全球化带来的自由贸易,会给美国带来“净增益”,即便过程中会导致一些人的利益受损,这一阵痛也是“短期”的,很快会通过其他增益弥补回来。而后,在2000年中国加入世贸组织,中国制造的产品开始大量进入美国后,一些人便认为先前经济学界认为的全球化给美国制造业带来的阵痛只是“短期”的说法不成立了。这些人还将这一问题冠名为“中国冲击”,并开始不断研究“中国冲击”以及全球化给美国造成的负面影响。

  汉德利认为,单方面且碎片化地看待问题,就是以偏概全。

  就制造业工作机会的衰减而言,汉德利表示这一趋势在美国的出现其实远远早于中国加入世贸组织,在20世纪五六十年代就已经出现,而且一直持续到了现在——甚至于,从汉德利给出的一个美国制造业岗位的衰减趋势图来看,这一趋势最剧烈的时期并不是发生在中国加入世贸组织后的新千年之后,而是上世纪70到90年代。

  他指出,这一时期是全球科技快速进步、生产力快速提升的一个时期。所以,不是谁抢走了美国工人的工作岗位,而是这些岗位势必会被新科技和机器人等自动化所取代,而且这一现象也不仅出现在美国,日本、德国等很多发达国家,甚至一些发展中国家也出现了类似的情况。

  “所以,即便我们挥舞魔法棒,让美国在2001年时与中国完全脱钩,美国就业岗位中制造业岗位的长期衰退仍会继续,美国工人仍然会找不到新的机会”,汉德利写道。

  更重要的是,汉德利表示,这些制造业失去的工作岗位,其实都转化为了美国日益壮大的服务业岗位,比如科技研发、金融管理、运输物流以及仓储。即便是在制造业领域,美国的高科技制造业仍然在不断发展和扩张。只不过这一新旧岗位的转化过程比经济学家之前预期的要更为漫长和复杂,而且并不是出现在同一行业里,经济学家也在过去数十年里密切关注和研究着这些情况。汉德利表示,即便是在深入研究了这些情况后,经济学家仍然广泛认可全球化的好处,并且认为这种好处远大于走贸易保护主义的老路。

  “行业有起有伏,新的行业总会取代旧的行业。没有谁规定上世纪八九十年代的顶尖行业,就必须继续成为新时代的顶尖行业,哪怕科技已经大幅进步……通用电气不再生产电灯泡,IBM的专长成了云计算和软件,3M成为了消费产品的创新者而不是一个挖矿的......这些都是很好的发展”,汉德利写道。他认为,也正是这些全球化带来的发展,才让美国在科技创新和金融服务上成为了世界的领头羊。他还认为,这说明美国并没有——像一些反全球化的人所说的那样——在全球化中失去优势,因为优势本身就是一个在不断变化的动态概念。成功转型的美国工人和企业,就已经享受到了这些美国拥有更大优势的新领域带来的新生产力和红利。而这对于经济整体的长远发展来说,仍然是利大于弊的。

  此外,汉德利在讲述全球化以及自由贸易带来的好处时,还提到了一个很有意思的细节,即正是因为自由的对外贸易,才令美国如今可以通过进口鸡蛋应对国内的蛋荒问题。他认为,这说明全球化还能大大增强美国抵御不确定性和风险的韧性。而一个有韧性的经济,才更受市场欢迎。

  总之,汉德利认为,经济学家应该继续支持美国走全球化的路线,因为理论和现实都证明全球化对美国是利大于弊的,而且其好处远远多于充满了不确定性的、缺乏韧性、且脱离时代的贸易保护主义。只不过这种支持应该更加全面,既讲好处,也关注问题——并引导问题在全球化的框架下得到妥善且现实的化解,做好解释工作,而不是让贸易保护主义去误导人们开历史的倒车。

  最后,关于全球化和美国的制造业前景,英国《金融时报》最近的一篇文章还提到了一个很有意思的民调。这个民调是由如今发表了汉德利文章的卡托研究所,在去年8月进行的。其中的一项调查显示,尽管有高达八成的美国人认为让更多美国人从事制造业对美国有好处,但只有二成的人愿意亲自去工厂打螺丝。

娱乐圈现过度商业化:见证她在游戏中的疯狂与勇敢的相关文章 罗永浩发文力挺「闪购」,网络零售行业「卷时间」时代来临,会给传统网购带来新一轮洗牌吗?的相关文章
openai官宣400亿美元最新融资
马上评|何同学,大V也别忘共情劳动者
春天最让你烦躁的一点是什么?
近30年的老旧小区,“小修小补”后再迎综合修缮
韩国“世越”号沉船原因终被认定:船体内部原因
香港全款400万15平的小家
为什么大多数人不在乎住宅外立面美观?
业内专家:我国有政策空间和余地应对外部不确定性
3 月 70 城房价出炉,24 城新房价格环比上涨,上海涨 0.7% 领跑,如何解读?哪些信息可关注?
印度23人轮奸案受害女孩感染乙肝
手鞠嫁入木叶,砂隐是否舍得?她本人是否真的自愿?
习近平同越共中央总书记苏林举行会谈
  • 友情链接:
  • 萧亚轩摔伤8个月后晒健身照 媒体称「多极化货币体系将重现,未来或形成美元、欧元、人民币并存的新格局」,将对投资和贸易带来哪些影响? 陈芋汐、全红婵包揽跳水世界杯加拿大站女子10米台冠亚军 官方回应安置房天花板被抠出洞 无知的亲人是最大的凶手 记者实地探访三河市儿童医院,“绿十字”已被卸下 爱上姐姐成为姐姐取代姐姐 丹麦首相称格陵兰岛不会出售 为什么月薪 2 万的沈琳愿意卖卤肉 为什么法师不把自己身体替换成法杖?

    查看更多评价 ∨