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蚂蚁庄园12月1日答案最新,让你欲罢不能的视听盛宴,快来体验!
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  北京4月18日电(张文晖)近日,记者跟随国务院国资委新闻中心“走进新国企·科技创新主力军”活动走访了中交集团,了解我国在多年冻土地区公路修筑技术的发展情况。

  1954年青藏公路建成通车,这是我国在多年冻土地区修建的第一条公路。1973年,我国成立了青藏公路科研组,对多年冻土进行系统研究。谈及冻土研究过程,中交集团技术总监、首席专家,全国工程勘察设计大师,极端环境绿色长寿道路工程全国重点实验室主任汪双杰直言,艰难程度难以言喻,“高原上‘一天有四季,十里不同天’,强烈的紫外线晒脱皮是小事,遇上雨雪冰雹,根本无处藏身。”他回忆称,“当初,为收集掌握高原冻土公路第一手资料,我们蹲守在公路观测点,每天观测记录各种数据,前后3代人,用时50多年,收集整理数据300多万组。两位技术骨干因高原疾病过早离开我们,他们把毕生心血都献给了高原冻土事业!”

  如此不易,为何还要坚持研究冻土?中交第一公路勘察设计研究院(简称中交一公院)专业总工程师、工程技术研究院院长、极端环境绿色长寿道路工程全国重点实验室执行主任陈建兵告诉记者,多年冻土地区的地层在低温下长期处于冻结状态,其物理力学性质与普通地基有很大差异,简单来说就是“热融冷胀”。如果不研究专门的修筑技术,公路容易因冻土的冻胀、融沉等现象导致路基变形、路面破坏。同时,多年冻土地区生态环境脆弱,一旦破坏很难恢复。研究合适的修筑技术可以尽量减少对冻土环境的扰动,保护当地生态平衡。再者,通过研究修筑技术,采用“导冷-阻热-调温”“三步走”的方式,利用热棒路基、隔热板路基、通风管路基、片块石路基等技术手段,可以提高公路在多年冻土地区的稳定性和耐久性,降低后期维护成本。经过50余年,我国在冻土工程领域已取得举世瞩目的成就。

  “我们所有的技术是原创的,所有的理论也都是原创的。”据汪双杰介绍,目前,已建立了我国独有的大融沉防控理论、方法和技术体系,提出了公路冻土工程尺度效应理论和方法,实现了从病害机理到不同尺度等级公路之间灾害普遍规律的理论跨越;攻克了高速公路冻土路基冻融变形控制技术、桥梁桩基稳定技术、大断面公路隧道冻融灾变防控技术等关键核心技术;构建了“一站两廊三场五基地”科学研究试验体系,实现了冻土区域道路工程全覆盖联网观测,取得近300万组第一手冻土监测数据。汪双杰告诉记者,这些成果不仅为我国公路冻土工程研究赢得国际声誉,更为世界冻土工程领域树立了新的里程碑。

  陈建兵介绍说,项目成果为青藏公路、共玉高速等国家重大工程建设与改造提供关键支撑。成功打破国际工程界在多年冻土区修筑沥青路面公路的禁锢,建成首条穿越550公里多年冻土区的全天候通车二级公路,并使青藏公路延寿至70年,成为全球服役年限最长的多年冻土沥青公路;建成世界首条多年冻土区高速公路——共玉高速。共玉高速公路首次将多年冻土地区道路工程病害率控制在国际1/5以下,被国际冻土协会高度评价为“树立了国际冻土工程新的里程碑”。

  如今,多年冻土区修筑技术已成为我国交通行业科技创新的旗帜。凭借这一核心技术品牌,中交一公院在青海、西藏、新疆、东北等高寒区的勘察设计与技术服务市场中占据了较大份额。成果在G219、G318等众多工程中广泛应用,仅青藏公路沥青路面就已降低运营成本44.7亿元,产生了巨大的经济效益和社会效益。(完) 新闻结尾 蚂蚁庄园12月1日答案最新,让你欲罢不能的视听盛宴,快来体验!的相关文章
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2425 赛季英超联赛第 32 轮纽卡斯尔 VS 曼联,如何评价这场比赛?

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